You're describing 2018 data centers! The new builds bring their own generation — solar, gas, some are literally commissioning small nuclear — and run closed-loop cooling that recirculates the same water. Restricting them on last decade's footprint is like banning cars because horses left manure. The industry already solved the thing you're afraid of.

Sorry for my English, but I must correct one thing as an engineer. "Closed-loop" is a brochure word. The loop still loses water to evaporation and still needs makeup water — often millions of liters a month for a large site. And "brings its own power" almost always still ties to the grid for reliability, which means it sits in the same interconnection queue as everyone else and can raise costs for all of us waiting behind it. The technology improved. It did not disappear.

— eng.paula